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Osama bin laden



Usâma ibn Muhammad ibn Awad ibn Lâdin (* March 10, 1957 in Riad ,Saudi-Arabia), for short Osama bin Laden , was a fighter during Afghanistan was under control of the Soviet Union. Today he\'s the worldwide most wanted terrorist especially because of the attacks on September 11, 2001.



His life:

Bin Laden was born as the 17th child of 52 childs, who his father had with his ten wifes. His father, Muhammad bin Laden, was Bedouin from Yemen.

He was building contractor and had connections to the saudi-arabian king Faisal. 1931 he built up the Saudi Binladin Group SGB. Osama\'s mother could be from Palestine or Saudi-Arabia because of different sources .

Bin Laden should have 24 children with his four wifes - divorced from one. His first wife Nadschwan Ibrahim Ghanim has eleven children with him. One of his daughters might be married with Mullah Omar, who is the leader of the Taliban.

Bin Laden speaks Arabian and maybe Urdu.

His militarian career:

The 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan galvanized bin Laden. He supported the Afghan resistance, which became a jihad, or holy war. Ironically, the U.S. became a major supporter of the Afghan resistance, or mujahideen, working with Saudi Arabia and Pakistan to set up Islamic schools in Pakistan for Afghan refugees. These schools later developed into virtual training centers for Islamic radicals.


By the mid-1980s, bin Laden had moved to Afghanistan, where he built up an organization, Maktab al-Khidimat (MAK), to recruit Islamic soldiers from around the world who later form the basis of an international network. The MAK maintained recruiting offices in Detroit and Brooklyn in the 1980s.
The Taliban, the former rulers of Afghanistan, arose from the religious schools set up during the mujahideen\'s war against the Soviet invasion. After the Soviet army withdrew in 1989, fighting erupted among mujahideen factions. In response to the chaos, the fundamentalist Taliban was formed and within two years it captured most of the country. The Taliban gave bin Laden sanctuary in 1996.

After the Soviet withdrawal in 1989, bin Laden returned to Saudi Arabia and worked in his family\'s construction business. He founded an organization to help veterans of the Afghan war, many of whom went on to fight in Bosnia, Chechnya, Somalia, and the Philippines. Scholars have suggested these loosely connected bands of seasoned soldiers, ready to fight for Islamic causes, form the basis of bin Laden\'s current support.
In 1990, in response to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait the Saudi government allowed American troops to be stationed in Saudi Arabia. Bin Laden was angry that American soldiers were stationed in the birthplace of Islam. He also charged the Saudi regime with deviating from true Islam .
Bin Laden was expelled from Saudi Arabia in 1991 because of his anti-government activities. He eventually wound up in Sudan where he worked with Egyptian radical groups in exile.

Yet, even as he is reviled in the West, bin Laden is a hero in parts of the Islamic world, according to intelligence reports. His organization is called al-Qaeda \"the Base,\" and has approximately 3,000 followers, which he funds with his estimated $250 million fortune. Experts have said that bin Laden could represent a new trend in terrorism-privatization. Until his emergence, most large-scale terrorist organizations are believed to have been connected to governments. With his money and disciplined followers, however, bin Laden is believed to have the ability to launch even more devastating terrorist attacks. He has not denied that he is seeking nuclear or chemical weapons, saying that it is a religious duty to defend Islam.





His study & religion:

Bin Laden grew up in Dschidda (Saudi-Arabia) and studied economics at the King-Abdulaziz-University . Other sources say, that he studied civil-engineering. He completed in 1979. At the beginning of the seventies he had connections to religious people. Osama was Saudi-Arabian, so he grew up in tradition of the \"Wahhabiten\", a kind of the sunnite Islam, which developed on the Arabian peninsula. In 1998, bin Laden issued a religious edict to his followers, \"to kill the Americans and their allies, civilians and the military.\" Bin Laden has made no secret of his anti-American, anti-Western and anti-Israel thoughts.





Terroristic attacks associated with Osama bin Laden and the Al-Qaida:

February 23, 1993 : A car bomb in the subterranean garage of the World Trade Center killed six people and injured over 1000 people

November 13, 1995: A car bomb in Riad -Saudia Arabia\'s capital- killed seven US-soldiers

June 25, 1996: A terroristic assassination on US-soldiers killed 19 people and injured more than 500 people

assassinations with bombs on the US-embassies in Nairobi and Daressalam

October 12, 2000: suicide assassination on the US-warship \"USS Cole ( DDG-67)\"

September 11, 2001: nearly 3000 people died during the assassinations on the Pentagon and the World Trade Center

April 11, 2002: many people - among other things Germans - died in the synagogue \" al-Ghriba\" on the island Djerba

July 7, 2005: three bombs in the underground station and one in a bus killed up to 56 people



Vocabulary:


Soviet Union - Sowjetunion


assassination/attack - Anschlag


Bedouin - Beduine/inin, beduinisch


Yemen - Jemen

militarian career - Militärische Laufbahn

invasion - gewaltsame Übernahme/Einmarsch

to galvanize s.o. - jemanden wachrütteln


to support - unterstützen


resistance - Widerstand


holy - heilig


ironcally - ironischerweise


to set up - aufsetzen,anordnen

to recruit - Mitarbeiter werben, ergänzen

to maintain - aufrechterhalten, behalten


rulers - Gebieter


to arise - aufkommen,hervorgehen


to withdraw - abheben


to erupt - hervorbrechen,ausbrechen


refugees - Flüchtlinge

to give sanctuary - Asyl geben, Schutz geben

withdrawal - Rückzug, Rücktritt,Ausbrechung


veterans - Veteranen


seasoned soldiers - bewährte Soldaten


Iraqi - Iraker/in , irakisch


troops - Truppen, Kampftruppen

to charge - angreifen, beschuldigen, anklagen


to deviate - abweichen


expelled - vertrieben


eventually - schließlich, letztendlich


to wind up - hängen bleiben, enden


Chechnya - Tschetschenien


to revile - beschimpfen


approximately - annähernd, etwa


estimated - geschätzt


fortune - Vermögen


ability to - die Fähigkeit zu


devastating - verheerend


denied - geleugnet, abgestritten


duty - Treuepflicht, Verpflichtung


civil-engineering - Bau(ingenieur)wesen


to issue - ausfertigen, ausstellen


edict - Erlass


allies - Verbündete

peninsula - Halbinsel

 
 

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