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The tenses of the main verbs (active form)
Tense
Form(simple/progressive)
Signal words/ examples
Use of the tense(rules)
Present
Simple
I write/ He writes.
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Progressive
Be (is, am, are)+ -ing
I am wiriting.
Often, sometimes, always, usually, never
I know some godd games.
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Now, at the moment
It´s 4 o`clock now.
Peter is doing his homework.
-to describe things that happen regulary, never, sometimes (adverbs of frequency)
-to describe a state/situation
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-to speak about an actioen that is in progress (im Verlauf) at the moment
Present perfect
Simple
Have/has + past participle
I have written.
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Progressive
Have/has been + ing-form
He has been waiting.
Just, already, yet, never, ever
I have just finished my homework.
She has never seen an elephant.
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since/for
i have known him for two years/ since 1998.
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since/for
jane has been writing letters for three hours/ since 2 o`clock.
-to say that sth.has happened. The result is important, not the time.
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-with verbs that describe a state, not an activity. It started in the past and has gone up to the present.
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-to say that an action/activity started in the past an is still going on now.
Past
Simple
-ed
-second form(ing)
repaired, wrote
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Progressive
I was writing
Past of"be"+ ing
Yesterday, ago, (last), in 1970
I met him yesterday.
When did you met him?
It was a stormy day.
A man knocked on the door an opened it.
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Yesterday at 8 o`clock I was writing a letter.
I was doing my homework when my mother came home.
-to say when sth.has happened(in the past)
-to ask when, where, why sth.happened
-to tell a story
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-to speak about an action that was in progress at a certain time in the past
Past perfect
Had + past participle
I had written.
-1Handlung fand vor einem Zeitpunkt in der Vergangenheit statt bzw.hatte noch einen gewissen Einfluss auf ihn
-2Handlungen/Ereignisse in Vergangenheit:
1.past perfect, 2.simple past
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